At the same time, Blu-ray irradiation is also used as a treatment for bacterial keratitis. Studies have shown that inhibitory effects may be related to the influence of blue light on corneal stromal cells autophagy. Blue light irradiation also has a significant inhibitory effect on corneal stromal cell activity, which is also dependent on dose and time. However, blue light's effects on the cornea are not limited to corneal epithelial cells. The microvilli on the epithelial layer of the corneal epithelium lose the support and stability of the tear film, leading to the formation dry eyes. The results show that blue light in the near ultraviolet region may affect the mitotic phase of the corneal epithelial cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Niwano et al detected blue light's phototoxicity on corneal epithelial cells using an in vitro cell culture experiment. Therefore, topical application of antioxidants can be used as a choice of drug option for blue light-induced dry eyes. Moreover, the oxidative damage caused by blue light was shown to be reduced by effective antioxidant extract associated-free radical elimination, thus improving the clinical symptoms of the eye surface in a dry eye mouse model – and further confirmed that blue light is associated with the formation of dry eye. Thus, mediated oxidative damage and apoptosis lead to further ocular inflammation and xerophthalmia formation –. Some studies have shown that the survival rate of corneal epithelial cells after Blu-ray irradiation decreases, while blue light has been shown to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in corneal epithelial cells, activates the ROS-nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich containing family, pyrin-domain containing-3 (NLRP3)-interleukin (IL)-1β signaling pathway, and trigger inflammation of human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) induced by hyperosmotic pressure from NLRP3 and up-regulation of IL-1 beta secretion. The cornea lies at the front end of the eyeball and is the first structure that light encounters when passing through the eye. What is the specific damage mechanism of Blu-ray? This article will review the mechanisms causing damage to the cornea, lens, and retina by Blu-ray light in order to have a better understanding of Blu-ray-induced ocular injury. Symptoms such as diplopia and inability to concentrate can affect people's learning and working efficiency. Because of blue light's short wavelength, the focus is not located in the center of the retina but rather in the front of the retina, so that the long exposure time to blue light causes a worsening of visual fatigue and nearsightedness. As the harmful effects of blue light are gradually realized by the public, eye discomfort related to blue light is becoming a more prevalent concern. Direct penetration of crystals into the retina causes irreversible photochemical retinal damage. High energy short wave blue light between 415 and 455 nm is the most harmful. A wavelength between 300 and 400 nm can penetrate the cornea and be absorbed by the iris or the pupil. The refractive medium of the human eye's different tissue characteristics have different permeation effects on light when the wavelength is <300 nm.
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